Carrefour retailer Essay

Introduction of the Case: Carrefour was the second largest retailer of consumer goods and groceries worldwide, after Wal-mart. The company pioneered the concept of hypermarket in their home Country, France, as early as 1960’s.However, towards late 1990’s; Carrefour saw a decline in their French hypermarkets owing to certain unfavorable government regulations and competition from hard discount stores. Carrefour introduced a series of strategic initiatives in an effort to revamp the ailing French hypermarkets. As a result, French hypermarkets started showing signs of recovery towards late 2004. The case discusses about the emergence and growth of hard discount stores in France. This case also provides scope for discussion of decline of Carrefour’s French hypermarkets and its revamp strategies. Pedagogical Objectives:  · The state of Hard discount stores in France  · Impact of government regulations on French retail industry  · Growth of Carrefour’s hypermarkets in France  · Revamp strategies of Carrefour hypermarkets in France. 1. How should Mr. Durant assess the opportunities in various countries around the world? Mr. Durant, the new CEO since 2005, embarked on the new strategy by offering 15 percent new products in its hypermarkets and 10 percent in its supermarkets. Moreover, he wants to employ more staff, extend the operating hours in certain hypermarkets, cutting prices, trying small stores, and pushing down decision making. Mr. Durant aims to stay only in countries where Carrefour is among the top retailers. 2. Should Carrefour adopt Wal-Mart’s strategy of â€Å"low prices everyday†? What would be the advantage or disadvantage of such a strategy? Yes Certainly they have to adopt the strategy of low pricing every day, In France, where Carrefour is well established, the company made the big mistake in its pricing policy. It probably started with the 1999 merger with Promodes, the French discount chain. Carrefour confused the French clientele by losing its low-cost image. The new strategy which they want to implement discounts and cutting prices ,trying small stores certainly will help  Carrefour to keep their competition in all over the world. 3. How could Carrefour differentiate itself from Wal-Mart? Wal-Mart is more than just the world’s largest retailer. It is an economic force, a cultural phenomenon and a lightning rod for controversy. It all started with a simple philosophy from founder Sam Walton: Offer shoppers lower prices than they get anywhere else. That basic strategy has shaped Wal-Mart’s culture and driven the company’s growth. Now that Wal-Mart is so huge, it has unprecedented power to shape labor markets globally and change the way entire industries operate. In this article, you will learn the key reasons that Wal-Mart has been able to keep its prices low — cutting-edge technology, a frugal corporate culture and a push to make suppliers sell merchandise at cheaper and cheaper prices. We’ll also take a look at the scope of Wal-Mart’s impact on the economy and the controversies surrounding Wal- Mart, as well as the future of the company. With 12 million loyalty card-holders in France, but also 7.5 million in Spain, for example, Carrefour group  stores have an excellent base from which to forge closer relationships with customers. As a multi-format  retailer, Carrefour can offer solutions addressing a wide variety of shopping habits. In 2009, the Carrefour group is enhancing its knowledge of customers, with the aim of serving them better and improving its brand image. In stores, the Carrefour brand will be conveyed in a way that is closer to the customer and more emotionally involving. By being more competitive, the brand will again become a tool for winning customers, enhancing customer loyalty and distinguishing Carrefour from the pack. In towns and villages, as convergence accelerates, the Carrefour brand will provide its best stores to more customers. In this way, Carrefour will make customers want to come, and keep coming, to its stores, regardless of the format or product offering. By focusing on retailing, Carrefour will become customers’ preferred retailer. 4. Identify cultures in selected countries that need to be considered in order to be successful? Carrefour operates in 29 countries around the world. World population is  rising, geographic distribution of populations is shifting, world population isaging rapidly, ethnic mixes in developed countries are changing rapidly, andaverage household incomes are increasing. The demographic environment presents both opportunities and threats for Carrefour. Increases in population size and household incomes help toexpand the market in which Carrefour operates. However, changes in the geographic distribution of populations, due to technological advances incommunications, may cause difficulties for Carrefour in determining profitable locations for new storefront SOCIO-CULTURAL 1.New markets had seen dramatic changes in consumer buying habits,coupled with high growth in per capita GNP, 2.suburbanization, greater participation of women in the labor force, and a large increase in theownership of cars and refrigerators. 3.The continued growth of suburban communities abroad is another major sociocultural trend. 4.Asian customers still tended to shop daily at wet markets or â€Å"mom & pop†stores. 5.Moreover, impulse buying was on the rise and replacing necessity purchasing. 6.Shopping as a form of leisure was an increasing phenomenon. CONCLUSION Carrefour has positioned itself as an international leader in the retail industry.Their strategies have proven successful for a number of reasons. First, they have beenable to successfully transfer competencies to associates and managers across the globe.Also, they have been able to adapt to local cultures and consumer tastes as necessary. Insome cases, they have even managed to change consumer tastes and buying habits. Theyhave succeeded in entering new markets aggressively and gaining a large share of eachmarket. Carrefour has even been able to restructure when legalities made it necessary.The question remains, then, what should Carrefour do in the future. Carrefour should remain in the retail industry. It should continue those practices that have provensuccessful and profitable in the past. Also, Carrefour should continue to leverage itsknowledge of international markets to continue its rapid expansion across the globe. Carrefour should, however,  be wary of threats to its opera tions, and remain vigilant I exploring new ways to improve its products and services. Carrefour has come this far based on its ability to pioneer new retail concepts and should remember that this pioneering spirit is what will carry it into the future.

Talk Show

TALKSHOW SCRIPT Dr. X:Hello and welcome to Your Life Sucks, Get Over It. Today’s topic will be violent relationships and why the heck people stay in them. We have 5 very special people on the show today. Now, first we have to get to know you. Please state your name and blood type. Tom: What does blood type have to do with ANYTHING? Dr X: Just answer the question. Tom: Uh†¦Tom†¦and I don’t know my blood type†¦ Dr X: Right then. And you, please state your name and blood type Elsa: Elsa, and why do YOU have to know my blood type? Dr. X: Because it’s MY show.YOU’RE just on it because your life sucks! Elsa: No. That’s Caitlin. NOT ME!! Dr. X: O†¦k†¦and you, name and blood type. Saint: My name’s Saint†¦and I love football. Dr. X: Wait, REAL name and BLOOD TYPE!! Saint: Patrick, and I love FOOTBALL!! Dr X: Ok, we know you like football. Now state your blood type. Saint: FFFOOOOOOTTTTTTTBBBBBBAAAAAAAAALLLLLL!!!!!!! Dr X: You know what, forget it. And you, name and blood type. Mario: Mario Ortega, blood type AB negative. Dr X: Ok, good. And you? AJ: (Starts to cry)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. AHHHHHHHHHHHHHH!!!! Mario: That’s AJ. He’s a little EMOtional.AJ: AHHHHHHHHH, what? Dr X: All right then. Let’s get started. So, who actually has BEEN in a violent relationship? All:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. AJ†¦AHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH!!!!! Dr X: Anyone? Mario:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Me. Dr X: All right, now we got a show going! So tell us, Mario, what role did you play in the violent relationship? Mario: The violent one. Audience: OOOOOOOOOOOO!! Dr X: Hmm. What did you do to her†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. or him? Mario: Uh, her, and I pushed my pregnant wife out a moving car. Audience: BOOOOOOOOOOOO!!!! Dr X: Why? AJ: TO MANY QUESTIONS!!!!!! AHHHHHHHHHHHHH!!!!!!! Mario: O†¦k†¦My father got on my nerves.D r X: Oh, I see. You were mad at your FATHER so you pushed your WIFE out a moving car. That makes PERFECT sense!! Moving on! Mario: No, wait, that’s not what I†¦ Dr X: Tom, you’ve been quiet. What’s up with you? AJ: AHHHHHHHHHHHHHH!!!!! Tom: SHUT UP!!!!!! AJ: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Tom: Thank you. Anyway†¦. AJ: (stabs self with pencil) Tom: (Looking at AJ) Uhhhh†¦ Can I move? Dr X: NO!! As you were saying. Tom: (Still looking at AJ) My best friend Nick was in a violent relationship. Dr X: (rubbing chin) Interesting. So how did this affect you? Tom: Ummm, I felt uncomfortable?Dr X: GOOD!!! AJ: AHHHHHHHHHHHH!!!! All (including audience): SHUT UP!!!!!!!! AJ: (whimpers) Dr X: Ok, Eliza†¦. Elsa: It’s ELSA!!! Dr X: How do you fit into all this? Elsa: MY best friend Caitlin was in the violent relationship with HIS best friend Nick. (Points to Tom) Tom: Don’t you point at ME like that!!!! I didnâ €™t have ANYTHING to do with it!!! Elsa: (Still pointing at Tom) I’ll point where it want to!!! AJ: AHHHHHHHHHHH!!!! Saint: I like football! Dr X: THIS IS NOT THE JERRY SPRINGER SHOW! THIS IS MY SHOW AND THERE WILL BE NO FIGHTING ON MY SHOW!DO I MAKE MYSELF CLEAR! (Everyone but AJ is absolutely quiet. AJ is still crying. Someone in the audience coughs. ) Dr X: We’ll be right back after this commercial break. Dr X: Welcome back to Your Life Sucks, Get Over It. (Looks to Tom and Elsa, who are on opposite sides of the stage. ) We were just getting to Saint. Saint: Foot†¦ Dr X: DON’T YOU SAY FOOTBALL!!!!!!! Saint†¦soccer†¦. Dr X: (dirty look to Saint) All right now. How do you fit into this? Saint: I’m Caitlin’s new boyfriend. Dr X: And how did this come about? Saint: After Nick beat Caitlin up, I asked her out.Dr X: So you were taking advantage of that vulnerability she was going through just after she and Nick broke up. Saint: Noâ € ¦ Dr X: Now, Mario, do you know anything about this particular violent relationship? What’s your connection to it? Mario: I was Nick’s anger management teacher when Caitlin got a restraining order on Nick. Dr X: So you teach an anger management class when you have your own anger problems? Mario: I got over my anger problems. Dr X: Right. So, since you’re in charge of the anger management class, why do you think that Nick beat up Caitlin?Mario: She did something he didn’t want her to do and felt like he needed to take control of her by showing her that he was in charge. Dr X: I see. Now, AJ, you’ve done nothing but cry and stab yourself with a pencil. Just where do you come into this? AJ: AHHHHHHHHHH!!! Dr X: STOP THAT CRYING!! (AJ stops crying) Now, answer the question. AJ: †¦I was in Nick’s anger management class. Everyone in there was under court orders to take the class. Everyone in there had hit his girlfriend. We all felt like we needed to control something, or someone, so we tried to control our girlfriends.Dr X: Hmm. Eliza†¦ Elsa: IT’S ELSA!! Dr X: What do you think caused Nick to feel the need to control people? Elsa: How am I supposed to know? I don’t know him; I don’t even like him! Dr X: Tom, you were Nick’s best friend, what do you think caused it? Tom: Problems at home. He and his dad didn’t exactly get along. Dr X: What do you think caused that? Tom: Nick’s dad beat him up. Dr X: Elizabeth†¦ Elsa: IT’S ELSA!! Dr X: Were there any signs before Nick beat Caitlin up that Caitlin was in a violent relationship? Elsa: Yes. Dr X: What were they?Elsa: Nick made Caitlin spend all her spare time around him, Nick made her stop hanging out with me, he always had to know where she was, he told her what to do, he even slapped her and left a big red nark on her face. Then Caitlin tried to break up with Nick, but he gave her a ring and she went out with him again, even though I confronted them both about that mark on her face. They both denied that he did that to her, but I know he did it. Dr X: Well, now you know the signs and the reasons. Make sure your life doesn’t suck because of a violent relationship. Until next time!

The Value of Information Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Value of Information - Assignment Example Managers are mostly faced by a were situation where they have to make decisions instantly; hence, it is mostly the case that decision making under uncertainty is mostly the case for decision makers. Imperfect information can largely be ignored in repetitive trials with small effects resulting from errors because the impacts are small, and the result from errors showing that the information could be the waist not for the errors. The other reason for ignoring imperfect information is the inability of the information to have much impact on the probabilities or chances for making the correct decision; hence, they can largely be ignored. The need for first-time success increases the demand for information as a measure of ensuring uncertainty is reduced in making the decision increasing the chances of making the correct decision. Availability of information for decision-making increases the possibility of first-time success by ensuring the decision maker knows the odds between making the correct and wrong decision. To augment the chances of first-time success, the demand for information increases to ensure the ability to make correct decision increases. The demand for information incr eases in first-time success owing to lack of previous data and the high uncertainty associated with first-time success owing to no proven record of accomplishment for decision making. In one-shot large potential loss situations, the information that is commonly available is the payoffs that the decision maker expects to get from a given decision from the highest to the lowest pay off accompanying any.

Critically analyses the role of Resources Manager in Our Business Plan Essay

Critically analyses the role of Resources Manager in Our Business Plan - Essay Example nt of the gym and even their staffs is to provide a customer friendly atmosphere so as to retain their customer base as well acquire new ones through reference of these customers. The business plan of this gym takes into consideration the diverse culture base and different opinions and ideas of people. The plan even encompasses promoting more of environmental awareness and offers services such that it can help the community as well as protects the nature. The businesses aims at providing efficient gym services to all community members at a much cheaper rate and even expand its business operations outside the region where it plans to operate currently. The mission of the gym is to provide services as well as products that can improve upon the level of mental relaxation and also physical fitness of their client base so as to promote a positive living in the region which is already facing obesity and various health issues. The plan aims at acquiring various sources of funds and handling all its resources effectively so that it can provide the best quality services as it not only provides gym services but also provides healthy food and yoga classes for its clients. As a resource manager there are several duties that need to be performed effectively so that all of the resources are well aligned with the business operations. There are various categories of duties firstly is to analyze whether the financial resources that are needed for the business is in sufficient capacity and if it is there then to take proactive measures so that there is availability of additional funds whenever there is a turmoil in the business. The second function is of HR planning to ensure that all of the HR activities such recruitment, retention, training programs, performance appraisal etc., are aligned to the goal of the company and the best of staff members are a part of the team so that quality services can be offered to the customers. The next function is that of design and acquisition of

You need to choose a topic from the materials Essay

You need to choose a topic from the materials - Essay Example The report raises addresses about responsibility. Since border executors are significant members of the Department of Homeland Security, they are not subjected to the same open examination as cops who utilize their weapons. It additionally addresses if, in the race to secure the border, operators are constantly enough prepared and it raises the inquiry: why arent these cases being indicted? Also the authorities still are not equipped to give a fulfilling reply. In order to go deeper into the report it is necessary to know the history of the borderlands of Mexico (GOP Legislators Visiting Mexico Concerned About Border Security 2001). The area of land which is presently known as Central America was the original land of ‘Mestizos’, who were partly Spanish and partly native. The Mestizos, started their journey towards south-west of United States for a better living, which is now known as Mexico (U.S.-Mexican Border Violence 2010). As United States of America was expanding, b oth in population and in size, this newly emerged Americans invaded the area, so long occupied by the Mestizos (Bergmark, Regan, Barr, and Garcia 2010). A fierce war broke out. Mestizos were defeated and finally peace was reinstated with the ‘Treaty of Guadalupe’ in 1848. Hundreds of Mexicans lost their lives in the war and thousands of them became homeless. Though some of the Mexicans fought back, the overall situation of the country was pathetic, full of terror and without having any law and order (Salividar 1993). American companies now came into the forefront. They entered by force into the Mexican Territory, and set up factories/mills/companies to maximize their profit by exploiting the local labor-force and the natural resources. Peso, the local currency was devalued and the economy of the country suffered due to large unemployment (Paredes 1991). The people, who were staying near the ‘borderline’ between USA and Mexico, now had to take an important d ecision of their

New Jersey Historic Site Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

New Jersey Historic Site Paper - Essay Example This was the beginning of colonization history of New Jersey. Eventually, British took control over the colonies. After 1664 the land was officially called New Jersey after the Isle of Jersey in the English Channel. During its history New Jersey had to fight for its freedom. In 1776 New Jersey proclaimed its independency and joined the side of colonies in the Revolutionary War, with more battles fought in New Jersey than in any other state, with the turning point of the war being battles in Trenton and Princeton. In 1787 the state of New Jersey accepted the Constitution of United States and signed the Bill of Rights. From then on The State of New Jersey developed rapidly, with many cities becoming manufacturing centers. The emerging of Virginian railroad and the construction of the West Virginia Turnpike became important events for the city, which transformed it into center of commerce. These are only snap shots of the history of New Jersey. There are a lot of noteworthy stories and characters. There are also a lot of â€Å"prove† of this history – landscapes, battlefields, homes, etc. Many places that are dating back to Revolutionary War were recreated. There are National parks, historical villages, lighthouses and more. There are also historical homes of famous people such as Thomas Edison, Albert Einstein, who was among first professors appointed to work in the Institute for Advanced Study, which was founded in Princeton in 1930. This institute became the first residential institute for scholars and research personnel. Now, let us localize our research of major historical sites of New Jersey to the city of Princeton. The first permanent settlers came to the place that was to become the Princeton Township in the late 17th century. It started with the â€Å"house of accommodation† or tavern, built on the highway by Henry Greenland. Then, six Quaker’s families built a community along Stony Brook, thus, the settlement got to be known by the same name. The community started to grow and in 1724 it got its name Princeton – in honor of the Prince William of Orange and Nassau. In 1756 a new building was erected on the Nassau Hall – College of New Jersey. This added prominence to Princeton. There are mansions that were built around what was a village at the time, one of them being Morven. Since Princeton is located halfway between New York and Philadelphia, it was a usual place to stop for the night for the travelers. Thus, many taverns grew. Later, the rail road was built and made the commerce easier. Later, in 1776 some states ratified Declaration of Independence. Once the states were independent, they adopted constitutions and waged war against England to be permanently freed from its control. The state of New Jersey took part in Revolutionary War and the battle of Princeton was waged here and became a turning point in the war. This also made Princeton famous. After the revolution Princeton was a capi tal of the United States, albeit briefly. Here in Princeton, while awaiting ratification of the Peace Treaty with England, in Nassau Hall Continental Congress had its meetings. General Washington also resided nearby. After the Civil War many new buildings were built. The College has been expanding to reach the number of twenty-seven buildings total within the next fifty years. As the city grow, nearby mansions and farms became a part of it. Nowadays Princeton is among the most populated cities of America. To name several historical sites

Obsessive-Complusive PD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Obsessive-Complusive PD - Essay Example Most of their waking hours are spent in worrying about unwanted thoughts and mental images (Hyman & Pedrick, 2009, p.7). People suffering from obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are incapable of leading a normal life as their obsession draws most of their energy, and most of their actions are influenced by their obsessions. Hence, the only way to cure the Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is to manage the obsessive thoughts through different psychological therapies, as only by managing and understanding the nature of obsessive and compulsive thoughts can one manage the obsessive-compulsive behavior. Definition To understand OCD, it is important to define the words ‘obsession’ and ‘compulsion’. DSM-IV (1994) defines obsession as â€Å"persistent ideas, thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate and that cause marked anxiety or distress† (Jakes, 1996, p.6). DSM-IV (1994) defines compulsions as â€Å"the r epetitive behavior and mental acts† which are intended â€Å"to remove anxiety or distress and not to provide pleasure or gratification† (Jakes, 1996, p.6). Hence, according to DSM-IV (1994), OCD can be diagnosed when the excessiveness and the unreasonable nature of the obsessive and compulsive behavior and thoughts is realized by the people suffering from it (Jakes, 1996, p.6). ... To cure OCD, it is necessary to understand the cause of it. Nature Of OCD Researches in past 60 years have found that OCD is a disorder that depends on different factors (Pauls, Alsobrook, Goodman, Rasmussen & Leckman, 1995, p.76), and hence, it is not easy to reach the conclusion regarding its nature. Familial history was found to be factor in some cases of OCD, while in other cases, there was no evidence of familial history (Pauls et al., 1995, p.76). This shows that the basis of OCD is still controversial. It was widely believed that the genes are responsible for the OCD in human beings (Arnold & Richter, 2001, p. 1353). However, no specific genetic factor has been identified as responsible for OCD (Arnold & Richter, 2001, p. 1353). This led the researchers to believe that when the â€Å"underlying genetic susceptibility† interacts with the environmental risk factors, then it results in obsessive-compulsive behavior pattern and leads to development of OCD in that person (Ar nold & Richter, 2001, p. 1353). Hence, it is very necessary to detect the OCD as soon as the symptoms start appearing in a person. However, it has been found that most of the times, OCD goes undetected. OCD is not common in young children (Heyman, Fombonne, Simmons, Ford, Meltzer & Goodman, 2001, p.324). However, the rate of OCD in young adults in their puberty has been found to be increasing (Heyman et al., 2001, p.324). Hence, it is important to detect OCD early to manage it in behavior. Researches in many countries have revealed that one out of every forty people suffer from OCD (Hyman & Pedrick, 2009, p.17). OCD develops gradually in personality (Hyman & Pedrick, 2009, p.19). However, an unexpected distressing event in

Proposal Writing Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Proposal Writing Assignment - Essay Example These kinds of schedules tends to eliminate the gauging exercise intensity guesswork, improves the quantitative tracking with regards to the fitness levels, helps in defining an individual’s weaknesses, acts as an effort monitor, as well as a proper perspective for aerodynamic position testing. Many cyclists often produce equal power output from both legs. The Info Crank tends to measures independently even small variations between the left and the right leg. A host of the remedial measures often exist to with the ultimate role of correcting the asymmetrical power inputs that requires adequate measurements. Info Crank will thus act as an accurate power meter with regards to cycling. Accuracy can hence be taken as an unlimited value that is accurate to almost 5 Watts. The relative measurements, as well as the cycling power readings should have greater reference on the context of  ±2% regarding the systems utmost reading capability (Krolop & Pfeffer et.al, 368). The level of accuracy also sets basis on the measurement of cadence, as well as the A-D converters rates of sampling. There is hence little or no variation between the amounts of watts deliberated on a single Info Crank’s set. If the Info Crank is switched between bikes, the measured watts are often equal. Power is basically a phenomenon that has to do with the aspect of force and velocity. The mathematical expression can be taken as: power (W) = force x distance / time. Watts on the other hand refers to energy that is needed to move a given mass to a particular distance within an identified period of time. In short, is taken to be 1W = 1Nm/s. So in a bike speak, the overall mass will be taken as the sum of that of the cyclist plus that of the bike, while the distance should be taken as the covered ground distance. There is some difficulty when it comes to the measurement of power due to the resistance brought out as a result of inconsistent motion. This is thus the key

Riding a wave of creative destruction reflections on Ecology and Essay

Riding a wave of creative destruction reflections on Ecology and Society - Essay Example The comparison between academic exercises carried out and stored on paper with the new trend of doing the same thing electronically is done in this article in a systematic way. The overall position taken by this article is in favor of the use of electronic medium in academic exercises. As the present use of the electronic medium in academic research is full of controversies, and has always been questioned in terms of credibility and authenticity, this article has tried to prove it otherwise. A step-by-step explanation is offered on all the aspects of credibility and authenticity. This is why it is asserted by the authors (Gunderson, Folke, and Lee) that â€Å"Ecology and Society (has) set out to become a credible scientific outlet by asking respected scientists to be members of the editorial board, and implementing a double-blind review process for each manuscript.† This article, also stresses another important feature of going electronic in academic research. It is reminded t hat electronic publishing involves less technical hurdles and less financial liabilities, thereby enabling the publisher to disseminate information and knowledge for free. There is also the acknowledgement that the new approach in academic research is here to stay- whereby the â€Å"interdisciplinary niche† is established (Gunderson, Folke, and Lee).

A policy dictating mandatory marriage classes before couples get Annotated Bibliography

A policy dictating mandatory marriage classes before couples get married should be introduced - Annotated Bibliography Example It underscores the fact that divorce is on the rise due to unpreparedness. This source is useful to the research topic because it shows that marriage may not work well without the necessary lessons on this institution. It also helps to show the challenges in life that make people opt for divorce. It is argued that people change every ten years in several aspects and this poses a challenge to their partners. This article therefore adds a lot significance to the research topic as it shows that indeed it important for people to be taken through marriage classes before getting married. This source reviews what it means to get into marriage. It outlines the challenges that marriage presents and what it means financially if a couple goes for a divorce. It also outlines the legal repercussions of perpetrators of domestic violence. It helps a reader to have a preview of what marriage is. Getting to know some of these facts may lead to a change in decision on who to marry or getting married to. It also adds much significance to the research topic because it exactly supports the topic. It advocates for marriage class sessions before getting married and attaches a financial incentive to those who attend these classes. The fact that this article gives the views of the Florida Supreme Court on the significance of marriage classes before marriage shows how important this topic is. This article contains details and a procedure to be following for those wishing to get married in the state of Florida. Among the requirements at the state of Florida before one gets married is that he or she has to read the Family Law Handbook. Applicants are also required to attend marriage classes and are given financial incentives for that. This article shows the significance with which marriage counseling is viewed in the state of Florida. In my paper, I

Potato Salad Americans Essay Example for Free

Potato Salad Americans Essay 1. Go to the Cooking Light website or any other website that gives you healthy recipes and chose a recipe you would like to try. Website you used: Cooking light . com Recipe you chose ? copy and paste the recipe including nutrition information in the space below. How to Make Potato Salad Americans can definitely agree on one thing: Potatoes are our favorite veggie. Each of us eats about a whopping 130 pounds per year. During the summer months (if not year-round), you can safely bet that loads of potatoes find their way into the ubiquitous potato salad. Honestly, can you have a cookout or picnic without one? Despite regional interpretations, theres really one basic way to make this popular dish. And here, well show you how to master the technique and turn out a variety of unique, healthy salads. Step One: Cut to Size Cut potatoes into uniform shapes and sizes so theyll cook evenly. If theyre different sizes, some will become mushy while others still have an undesirable crunch. Low-starch varieties, like red potatoes, work best in potato salads. Step Two: Start in Cold Water. Be sure to start with cold water when boiling potatoes. This works to solidify the outer surfaces and helps prevent them from getting too soft as the interior cooks, so the potatoes will hold their shape nicely in a potato salad. Step Three: Add Dressing Make the dressing while the potatoes cook, and toss them with the dressing while theyre still warm so theyll absorb maximum flavor. If using dairy products, like sour cream, allow the potatoes to cool slightly before tossing to prevent curdling. Step Four: Add Additional Flavors and Ingredients Customize your salad. For example, add your favorite veggies, fresh herbs, or salad greens. You can even give the salad an international flair: Lemongrass adds Thai flavor; chutney lends an Indian taste. 2. Try out the recipe, take a picture of you with the prepared meal and report back to class what you thought of this recipe. Would you recommend it? Will you make it again? Anything you would change the next time? To get full credit for this assignment, you need to show your picture to your instructor. Initial of instructor.

Traditional Jews Essay Example for Free

Traditional Jews Essay Religion is a vast and distinct area of study. Many different cultures and groups have different practices, and within those cultures there are many sub-groups that are different than the majority. The Haredim are a Jewish sect that is basically a sub-group of traditional Jews that demonstrate many differences from the majority. Haredim have a different approach to death and the actual funeral procession of loved ones. Many other cultures will honor their dead by having a eulogy or some other type of ceremony. The Haredim like to invoke a different sense of devotion to passing ancestors. For instance, it is acceptable, among Haredim, for the Sephardi to sing the songs of his father and grandfather, to utilize the prayer rhythm of his youth. 1 This is essentially singing prayer songs to the father, if passed, and the grandfather, if passed during a funeral procession. These songs are supposed to honor the dead and at the same time elevate the dead to a type of saint-like status. After the deceased have had songs sung, it is time for a type of ceremony called the â€Å"Communion of Saints. † Here the Haredim invoke the â€Å"Communion of Saints† upon hearing of the death of an elder and attempt to have the Saints bless the body spiritually. The blessing is done to elevate his familiar saints and holy men, entering [his relative] in the pantheon of the believer, even to add a modest twist or two of traditional clothing to the standard garb. 1 The Haredim are known for their revering of elders upon death and their attempt at ascending those elders into a higher spiritual space. This is firmly established, according to their faith, by invoking the elder and finally invoking the â€Å"Communion of Saints† to assist in the transfer to the spirit world. Another aspect of death in Haredim society is the actual burial. The Haredim employ the hevra kaddisha, the Communal Fraternal Burial Society in Israel, is responsible for the reverential disposal of the dead in accordance with Jewish law for all Jewish citizens. 2 Once the arrangements are established by the hevra kaddisha, the burial must take place. A problem arises in the burial because it must occur as soon as possible. As the Jewish text suggests, The dead must be buried as soon as possible, as much out of respect for their corporeal integrity as out of concern that they should not pollute their environment. Texts devoted to establishing and commenting on the impurity of human remains are abundant, and the laws relating to this subject are very strict: people and utensils that have been in contact with a cadaver might become impure, as does the place where they have lain, thus being in the presence of a dead body can cause ritual uncleanness. 3 It is clear that the Haredim employed different rituals from other groups, but also maintained a bastion of traditional beliefs that secular Jews also follow. Haredim are a very distinct culture as compared to other sects of Judaism. One of the more shocking revelations about their culture is they actually do not support the established state of Israel. One of the first evidences of this non-support is how the Haredim view the chief rabbis in Israel. They do not recognize the Chief Rabbinate and have their own Rabbinic authorities. 4 This presents a problem in the Israeli Jewish community in particular. The Israelis are attempting to create a united front against other groups that oppose them in the region. Because of the lack of support, and since there is no doctrinal significance to the office of Chief Rabbi, voices are raised from time to time to abolish the whole institution of two Chief Rabbis, irreverently called by Israelis the Heavenly Twins. 5 Another way they reject the Israeli state is they look upon Israel as too secular. All the Haredim have in common a â€Å"total dedication to the Torah in its traditional form and believe that the secular world is best kept at arms length. 6 They have a stark rejection of Israel and do not actually need a Jewish state. They are fine the way they are and reject the secularism of the Jewish faith in general. The politicians in Israel have no impressed the Haredim throughout the years. They believe they are without structure and without promise for any group of people. One example is from the 1981 campaign [where] the two parties [created] satirical television commercials, which featured well-known Israeli comedians. Such commercials, according to the Haredim, were an expression of spiritual emptiness. 7 The Haredim stand firm behind their beliefs even against their own government. A final examination of the Haredim reveals some peculiar traits as compared to other cultures. One of the ways they are different from other Jewish sects is their devotion to a culture long gone. For instance, they continued to be known by the Yiddish names of their rebes towns — Satmar, Belz, Ger — places that existed no more. 8 Another distinct difference is in the attire that the Haredim men usually wear. One eyewitness recounted, the men wore the clothing of eighteenth-century Hasidim. 7 One of the remarkable characteristics of the religion is the offspring that are produced within the families. Some of the families have many children as compared to other groups. It actually makes sense why this occurs because, they produced large families — six, eight, even ten children — to begin to try to make up for the millions of murdered Jews. 9 The Haredim do portray some peculiar traits that may seem strange to other religions, but actually they are effectively helping their way of life live on in the future. The Haredim are a fascinating group of people with a very different religious perspective. They live their life true to their moral codes and should be respected as any other religion. Works Cited Cromer, Gerald. The Voice of Jacob and the Hands of Esau: Verbal and Physical Violence in Israeli Politics, 1977–1984. Jews and Violence: Images, Ideologies, Realities. Ed. Peter Y. Medding. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. 149-164. Jacobs, Louis. The Jewish Religion: A Companion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. Sobel, Zvi. A Small Place in Galilee: Religion and Social Conflict in an Israeli Village. New York: Holmes Meier, 1993.

Concept Of Relationship Marketing Marketing Essay

Concept Of Relationship Marketing Marketing Essay The following report will look at IKEAs relationship marketing with its key community groups in Coventry (see appendix 1 for company background). The concept of relationship marketing, summary of audit findings, pressure groups, developing a co-ordinated communication mix and finally methods to measure success of communication mix are considered. 2. CONCEPT OF RELATIONSHIP MARKETING Early 80s was the emergence of the concept relationship marketing as an influential issue in the marketing literature. Bund Jackson is recorded as having used the term relationship marketing in 1970s in the field of industrial marketing (Gumesson et al., 1997). As IKEA strives to remain competitive in the business market, the company is moving away from transactional marketing that is based on a single, short-time exchange with a distinct beginning and ending towards a focus on retention of customers, establishing loyalty and building long-term relationships. According to Kotlet et al (2008 )relationship marketing is the process of creating, maintaining and enhancing strong, value-laden relationships with customers and other stakeholders IKEA is also active in establishing and maintaining a beneficial relationship with the communities by adopting corporate citizen values and approaches. Benefits from relationship marketing for IKEA are: Loyalty and retention Loyal community groups will recommend IKEAs business to others by positive, word-of-mouth communications which in terms will lead to business expansion. Christopher et al (2002) suggest that loyalty and retention can be achieved using relationship marketing ladder of loyalty: partner, prospect, purchaser, client, supporter, advocate and partner. Competitive advantage Good community relations programmes will add value to the IKEAs corporate social responsibility (CSR), thus differentiating from competitors CSR activities. Support for marketing activity IKEAs active community relations will create a positive image to the company by planned marketing communications. The basis of any relationship is based upon trust, commitment and co-operation. Morgan and Hunt (1994) with their model of what builds trust suggest that relationship commitment and trust are key variables for successful relationships because they promote cooperative behaviors between relationship partners and encourage them to maintain long-term relationships. Relationship commitment Co-operation Trust Figure 1.1. Three dynamics to trust within a relationship by Morgan and Hunt (1994) Once trust is formed the opportunity arises for relationship commitment and it is through this co-operation successful outcomes can be gained. In order to develop trust, commitment and co-operation IKEA should consider the following: Service encounter. Using face-to face interaction with key community groups such as site and neighbourhood community IKEA will result in a higher level of satisfaction, and a long-term commitment on behalf of both parties to the relationship. Collaboration. Collaboration in terms of sharing information, solving problems and an acceptance of compromise will establish long-term relationships between community groups and IKEA. Transparency. Relationship transparency has been suggested as a potential source of competitive advantage in business markets (Bliemel and Eggert, 1998). By informing, delivering value and satisfaction to the community groups IKEA will gain a competitive advantage. Creation of value. Community satisfaction implies that needs of community groups are being met by IKEA, for example, supporting local events, and environmental concerns. If they are not satisfied, they will withdraw their support and thus damaging corporate image of IKEA. 3. SUMMARY OF AUDIT FINDINGS IKEA is involved in a number of local, social and environmental projects in communities in the countries where they do business. The majority of IKEAs projects support children, homeless, student scholarships and environmental projects on climate change and the protection of natural resources. Different community groups may have some impact in one way or another on the company. An audit was undertaken to identify key community groups of IKEA, and to assess the nature and level of their impact on IKEAs relationship marketing and potential future use of relationship marketing. (For research methodology and detailed findings, see Appendix 2.) By grouping community groups in the power/interest matrix, IKEA may achieve a better picture on how communication and relationships between various community groups should be developed to reach agreement about and acceptance for the project and its implementation. Key community groups identified by the audit are the following: Site community The site community is defined by its geographical boundaries, thus it is a city or town where the company and any of its major facilities are located. (Burke E, 1999, p 61) Fenceline community The neighbourhood community is made up of the immediate neighbours surrounding the property of the company. (Burke E, 199, p 62) Workplace community Workplace community includes staff of IKEA. Local media: local press in Coventry The media provides focus and attention on many areas of corporate strengths and weakness of the company. Level of influence and impact of community groups on IKEA Local universities, church groups require minimal effort and monitoring. They have low interest or power to influence current IKEA relationship plans. These groups should be informed only to a necessary extent, and not much effort should be invested into them. There is no need for excessive communication with these types of communities. Local media should be kept informed. Despite of their low power they could be powerful enemies or allies when influencing attitudes of more powerful community groups. Their interest in the project must be taken seriously through dialogue and information to make certain that the companys viewpoint is heard. They can be helpful with the detail of companys project. They publicize issues and corporate achievements and form a line of communication from the company to the community groups. Local government, pressure groups should be kept satisfied. These community groups are powerful, although their level of interest in the strategies of the organization is relatively low. They are meainly relatively passively, but may unexpectedly appear due to certain events, moving to key community groups on that issue. IKEA should put adequate work in with these community to keep them satisfied, but not bombarded with information because that they become bored with message. These groups of communities are often passive, but can exert a great impact on the project. The relationship between a relative low interest and a high level of power makes these groups difficult to handle, it is therefore necessary to analyse their intentions and to involve them according to their interest. Site community, fenceline community, workplace community are key players of the project. The site community can provide services to the company such as fire, safety, education, transportation and the like. They are significant community groups with high interest in the project and high power to influence project implementation and completion. They should be an important consideration in the appraisal of new strategies. These community groups must be involved in all relevant project developments. They are the key players IKEA must engage with fully, and make maximum efforts to satisfy them. The needs and wants for each of community groups are various. On their own, no one group can entirely influence the activities or directions of the organization. However, some group communities posses greater power comparing to others. Overall, IKEAs relationship marketing was found to be effective in the area of media and sponsoring for charities. 4. PRESSURE GROUPS: SECTIONAL AND CASUAL Pressure groups are the activists of the community groups. In general, pressure groups are social aggregates with some level of cohesion and shared aims which attempt to influence the political decision-making process. (Ball and Millard, 1986, pp. 33-4) Pressure groups can be: Sectional pressure groups (also called defensive or interest groups). Examples: professional bodies, such as the British Medical Association, Trade Unions, The Law Society, etc. Casual pressure groups (also called promotional or attitude groups). Examples: Greenpeace, Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, National Rifle Association, etc. Pressure groups interest and power are given in auditing findings (see appendix 2). Difference between sectional and causal pressure groups are: Sectional pressure groups Casual pressure groups directly and personally concerned with the effect of the campaign fought by the group as they generally stand to achieve economically and/or professionally membership is usually restricted as they are concerned with a particular section of society. aspire to involve as many eligible members as possible to join the group. seek to defend the interests of a section of society aspire to represent the general interests of a particular section of society not self-interested in that the accomplishment of their objectives is not essentially of direct economic or direct benefit to the members of the group. membership is not usually restricted as they aim to promote a cause tend to have an open membership in order to gain a critical mass of popular support and strength of campaigning. aim to change peoples attitudes about a particular issue or policy Local Trade Unions encourage companies to provide training at the workplace. They protect workers of the company. According to Harris D. et al (2008) trade unions may influence and impact the company in respect of working processes on the following areas: Issues of respect- workers are often misunderstood by the boss through verbal or physical abuse. Wage and benefits- some workers are not paid according to the full value. Working condition- health and safety at the workplace is the most unifying issue a union can pursue. Working hours- unions can force the boss the hire more workers and also can ensure that in emergency cases where someone must work overtime, they are fairly compensated for it. Job security- any disciplinary action taken against a worker may be subject to a procedure negotiated with the union. Environmental pressure groups is often formed to protest about, and arrest certain undesirable environmental impacts. For example, Greenpeace stands for positive change by defending the natural world and promoting peace through action. IKEA discusses environmentally related issues with Greenpeace. To respond to environmental concerns IKEA do the following: At IKEA Coventry used batteries, paper are recycled. It also phase outs single-use plastic bags. All profits from charging for plastic carrier bag have been donated to Englands Community Forest. Through swiping IKEA Family card at the IKEA checkouts customers help save over 3 acres of forestry. 5. TWO NEW COMMUNITY GROUP RELATIONSHIPS Two new community group relationships that can be developed are: schools community and homeless community SCHOOLS COMMUNITY IKEA can focus its activity in the local community on helping local schools. The company will support learning and development of children at schools, for instance by providing new facilities. Helping children to learn and develop is an area in which IKEA has experience and can make a difference. Criteria for selection local schools to IKEA are the following: Opportunities to engage in local community acting as a good neighbor and supporting community initiatives consistent with IKEAs corporate responsibility objectives. By building communication, sharing resources, expertise, skills and developing unique solutions to community problems, these partnerships can become important. Excellent media and corporate social responsibility opportunities associated with supporting the school Sponsoring schools IKEA can attract a lot of attention from local newspapers and can provide great publicity for its business at the same time as enhancing the learning process for children. Developing relationships that can enhance long-term brand recognition So, schools are the natural hub of a neighborhood or community, and can serve as the foundation for community partnerships that will be beneficial to IKEA. However, relationship with school community should be minimal. Schools have neither high power nor influence to impact IKEAs activity. It means that IKEA may provide them with enough information that will be adequate. There is no need to spend much time with them. HOMELESS COMMUNITY IKEA may support homeless people in Coventry. For example, IKEA can establish partnership with Coventry Cyrenians which is a charity dedicated to working with homeless people or whose accommodation may be at risk. IKEAs vision is: To create a better everyday life for the many people. The many people can be homeless people that live in Coventry community. Charitable partnership is one of the ways through which IKEA may invest in the community it operates its business. IKEA supports this organisation by furnishing and decorating day-time activity centres and housing facilities with individual apartments and communal areas. In addition, co-workers of IKEA may volunteer their time. IKEA should be consistent in selection of charities to support. The criteria used for the selection of the charity are the following: Type of organization- registered charity in Coventry and surrounding areas. Primary focus is to support homeless people or people whose home may be identified as at risk for whatever reason, providing them with accommodation Should be dynamic, innovative and cost effective Any contribution from IKEA should be used by charity for the purpose for each it was given and to report effectively to the company on the process of the initiatives which companys funding has supported. the project should have a long life and be seen to actively improve homeless people 6. COMMUNICATION MIX FOR TWO COMMUNITY GROUP According to Kotler (2008) promotional mix is the specific mix of advertising, personal selling, sales promotion and public relations that a company uses to pursue its advertising and marketing objectives. Communication mix is important because of the following: ability to use different promotional tools to reach target audience it helps to communicate a range of messages to different markets helps in achieving companys marketing objectives Communication mix should have clear objectives and target audience. Communication objectives of IKEA: 50% awareness of IKEAs community efforts for school community and homeless community in Coventry within the next twelve months. Target: community groups such as site and fenceline communities, local government in Coventry In order to achieve objective IKEA should decide what components of the communication mix is needed to utilize in communicating with school and homeless community groups. The following are suggested communication mix for two new community groups: School community- Sponsorship Sponsorship is a business relationship ad should be mutually beneficial to the sponsored individual and the sponsoring company. Many researches and authors agree that the use of sponsorship by organizations is increasing (Sneath et al., Harvey et al., 2006; 2007; Wakefield et al., 2007) and that it is becoming a more significant part of the marketing communication mix. According to Fill C (2009) sponsorship can be defined as a commercial activity, whereby one party permits another an opportunity to exploit an association with a target audience in return for funds, services or resources. Benefits for IKEA using sponsoring schools are the following: Increase brand awareness of the company among community groups. It allows brand of the company to be communicated without the clutter and noise associated with advertising. Building and enhancing positive corporate image in community groups mind As a means of reaching wider target audiences To suggest to the target audiences that there is an association between the sponsored and the sponsor and that by implication this association may be of interest and/or value. Show that a company cares about it community and is prepared to invest in its future and the welfare of its community IKEA may use sponsorship for school community. Sponsorship may last 2 years for example, sponsoring new facilities for education. Limitations: Different methods of support are applied to sponsees depending on their needs and the sponsors needs as well. This points out to a lack of standardization, and therefore requires more time on planning and evaluation. Homeless community- Donation A donation is a gift given by physical or legal persons, typically for charitable purposes and/or to benefit a cause. Donation for homeless community within next 2 years by donating products and home furnishing. Public Relations both for school and homeless community Public Relations is defined as the planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain goodwill and mutual understanding between an organization and its publics (Institute of Public Relations) Benefits of PR: Promotion of positive image of the company to the community group To build links with IKEAs community To oppose bad publicity PR activities will include press releases, press conferences and establishing community relationships. Limitations: Risk of losing control cannot always control what other people write or say about IKEA. Media: Local newspaper both for school and homeless community IKEA may use local newspapers of Covnetry such as Coventry Telegraph, and The Coventry Times. Coventry Telegraph is a daily newspaper in Coventry covering local news, sports, business, jobs and community events. Readers spend an average of 30 minutes reading The Telegraph. The Coventry Times is established free newspaper for the local area, providing local people with excellent information and advertising platforms. The Times reaches over 74% of houses in the Coventry area. Newspaper benefits: Gives favourable impression of the company A high profile image is lodged in the community groups mind Limitations: Short life span, circulation does not mean readership 7. MEASUREMENT OF THE SUCCES OF COMMUNICATION MIX It is essential to measure the effectiveness of each communication campaign. It is necessary to ensure that the communication objectives have been met and that the strategy has been effective and resources have been used economically. For example, advertising objective is to increase awareness of IKEA brand to 70% of the target market by 2009. Public Relations objective is to convince 80 % of community groups that the company is doing its business in a socially responsible way by 2009. Measuring and analysing the outcome of a specific interaction will help in the development of future communications and in evaluating the best methods to use. Evaluation is necessary for: Improvement of the effectiveness of different communication tools Knowing the effect of communication activities and improving needed areas IKEA will be able to reach the outcomes it seeks. Effectively engagement with audiences Throughout implementation, evaluation can help IKEA find ways to collect feedback from its community groups, how advertising is being received and learn how they are responding to various media messages. Allocation of resources wisely It provides a potential source of material for the new campaign. Evaluation can help IKEA determine whether its communication investments could be redistributed more effectively to achieve the desired results. There are many ways to measure effectiveness of each of the communication tools. The following are suggested evaluation methods: PR evaluation: quarterly Awareness of community groups about IKEAs community initiatives in Coventry community can be evaluated using marketing research through qualitative or quantitative methods. Attitude of community groups to IKEAs projects- by using research to judge if attitudes have changed positively or negatively. Media coverage and tone- can measure the number of column inches achieved, the type of headings and tone of coverage. Positioning- by measuring the position of IKEA in comparison to the competition Qualitative method: Focus group: at the end of programme According to Kotler (1999) focus group is a small sample of typical consumers under the direction of a group leader who elicits their reaction to a stimulus such as an advertising or product concept. By using in-depth interviewing skills a moderator can probe the thoughts and feelings held by the members of the group towards media vehicles or advertising messages. By negotiating a focus group to monitor the marketing communications pre-, during and post-campaign, this can help maximise the effectiveness of the campaign. Overall, results from focus groups will help us identify feelings regarding the corporate image of IKEA: brand, reputation and understand the attitudes of community groups towards IKEA. Quantitative method: survey or personal interviews: annually In order to identify the effects of the media we will use written surveys. Survey can be conducted by IKEA or consultants. By using large sample size we will be able to know concerns, community expectations, extent and quality of relationship with key community groups and company. Results will help design plans and programmes that build sustainable trust in a community. Personal interviews: quarterly A personal interview is a two-way conversation initiated by an interview to obtain information from a participant on a face-to-face basis (Cooper Schindler, 2003, p323) Limitation. Personal interviews are a lot more costly and time consuming comparing with other methods in the communication approach. Evaluation of sponsorship Media exposure measurement- to count column centimetres of coverage about the sponsorship activity achieved by IKEA Pre-testing and pos-testing of awareness in relation to sponsorship activity of IKEA Feedback from participants- quantitative feedback from community groups sponsored party and other stakeholders to determine effect on corporate image. Internal communication evaluation: monthly Feedback forms and attitude surveys may be used to gain feedback from participating staff: how effective they thought communication was; what information needs were or were not met; what effect the new role emphasis has had on their job satisfaction; etc. 8. CONCLUSION The company recognizes that supporting the community is not only a matter of morality, but it also improves a companys brand image, reputation and allows the company to gain more publicity and exposure. It is important that IKEA makes a careful selection of communication mix to communicate with key community groups. Appendix 1: Organization overview Company background IKEA is a Swedish Multi-National home furnishing Company (MNC). It was founded in Almhult, Sweden in 1943 by only a 17-year old boy Ingvar Kamprad who started selling farm implements at a reduced price under the name IKEA, which is acronym for his initials (I.K), farm (Elmtaryd) and village (Agunnaryd) where he was born and grew up. At the beginning IKEA sold small items such as food containers, pens, jewelry and watches before becoming internationally known. Due to the success of furniture line, Ingvar Kamprad decided to put an end to all the other products focusing only on furniture. In 1958, the first IKEA store was opened in Almhult, Sweden and since 1960s the IKEA stores opened outside Sweden. Nowadays, IKEA has turned into the worlds largest furniture retailer, with over 300 stores in more than 35 countries since its first outlet and visited by 600 million visitors around the world and plans to develop further. IKEA managed to double its sales significantly in a couple of years. Turnover of all IKEA stores (sales tax not included) was 22,713 million EURO in 2009. Organization structure In spite of its great expansion, IKEA is privately owned company. Ingvar Kamprad still has some control over the company through a unique organization. The IKEA corporate structure is divided into two main parts: operations and franchising. Currently, the company is owned by Stichting INGKA Foundation based in Netherlands. INGKA holding B.V. is the parent of all the companies of the IKEA Group. Every IKEA store is given the rights to operate the IKEA Concept on a defined market. IKEAs vision is: To create a better everyday life for the many people. The many people include suppliers, employees, customers, and other stakeholders affected by IKEA operations. Business idea: To offer a wide range of well- designed, functional home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible will be able to afford them. IKEA does not have its own manufacturing facilities but uses subcontracted manufactures around the world. To facilitate shopping, IKEA provides catalogues, tape measures, shopping lists and website to help the consumer with fitting the furniture into the room. So, IKEAs success is based on the relatively simple idea of keeping the cost between manufactures and customers down. Target market The company targets the customer who is looking for good value and is willing to do a little bit of work serving themselves, so they pick up the furniture, carry it home and fix it themselves. The typical IKEA customer is young families and couples just starting out to middle income family. IKEA products IKEA product range is approximately 10,000 products in total. The product range of IKEA is extensive enough. It is wide in function as it sells not only furniture but also from plants and living room furnishings to toys and whole kitchens. IKEA make every effort to use renewable and recyclable materials in their products. IKEA brand and communication IKEA is one of the successful global brands associated with its unique cultural branding that merges the value, low cost and fashionable design to ensure the creation of affordable contemporary household goods for the middle class. The company emphasized its Swedish heritage in its international advertising, even going as far to insist on Swedish blue and yellow colour scheme echoes the colours of the Swedish national flag for its stores. Any IKEA stores include restaurants that serve Swedish meatballs. IKEA has a long tradition in marketing communication focusing primarily on printed media IKEAs catalogue is the worlds largest free distribution translated into several languages and now it is possible to view online on the website. Other IKEAs communication tools are: TV, radio, and internet. IKEA in UK According to the latest figures from market intelligence specialists Verdict Consulting, IKEA UK total market share up to the end of quarter three 2009 is 6.1 % IKEAs competitors in the UK are DIY retailers that are selling more home furnishings like Argos, B Q, Homebase and John Lewis. There are 18 stores in the UK, the first of which opened in Warrington in 1987. The largest IKEA store is in Croydon, London. In July 2009 IKEA opened a store in Dublin-its first in Ireland. Appendix 2: An audit of existing relationships with key community groups Introduction IKEA is undertaking an audit in order to identify projects key community groups in Coventry, an assessment of their interests, and the ways in which these interests affect project effectiveness and limitations. Stakeholder audit seeks to identify these. Audit methodology Methodologies that were used to undertake and audit of IKEA UK community groups are the following: Secondary research on stakeholder theory and stakeholder analysis methodologies. (See the selected bibliography attached as appendix of this report). Mendelows stakeholder mapping matrix will be taken as a technique to classify stakeholders according to their importance to the organisation. IKEA sustainability report 2008 and other documentary evidence in regard to the IKEAs relationships with community groups. Identification of community groups and nature of relationship A number of community groups were identified by the in-house survey. Identified community groups in IKEA are the following: Figure A1.1. Community groups and relationship Site community Workplace community Fenceline community IKEA Local media Strength of relationship Strong Weak Local government Universities Church groups Trade Union Greenpeace Stakeholder map: power/interest matrix In order to establish the community groups and their level of influence and impact on relationship marketing we will use stakeholder mapping technique. Mendelows stakeholder map classifies stakeholders in relation to the power that they hold and the extent to which they are likely to show interest in the strategies of the organization. The following figure shows the results of power/interest analysis for IKEA UK community groups. The symbols [+] and [-] are used, according to whether each group is, generally, a supporter or opponent of the aims and activities of IKEA. Figure A1.2. Power/interest for community groups in IKEA relationship marketing Level of interest Low High LowA: Minimal effort universities [+] church groups [+] Level of power B: Keep informed Media: local press [+/-] C: Keep satisfied HighLocal government [+/-] Pressure groups: Trade Union [-] Greenpeace [-] D: Key players Site community [+/-] Fenceline community [+/-] Workplace community [+/-] The current position of each community group may be justified as follows: Influence is considered with particular reference to the community groups potential impact on IKEAs relationshi

It’s Time to Put an End to Corporal Punishment in Schools Essay

It’s Time to Put an End to Corporal Punishment in Schools Seven countries-Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Norway, Austria, Italy and Cyprus- have laws making it illegal for parents to use physical punishment on their children. Corporal punishment in schools has been banned in all the countries in Europe, South and Central America, China and Japan. The United States has outlawed corporal punishment from our prisons as cruel and inhumane treatment, as well as wife-beating, once thought to be the right of a husband. Why don’t we afford the same protection to our children? Our culture sanctions the use of corporal or physical punishment as a way for parents to discipline their children. Just a few weeks ago Marvin Munyon, president of the Family Resource Forum based in Madison, Wisconsin, was at the Eau Claire Gospel Center to talk about and demonstrate the proper way to spank children. Mr. Munyon would have us believe that discipline other than spanking is ineffective (Emerson 1B, 3B). From my experience as a child and a parent I have found the opposite to be true. If we take a look at what discipline is and the reasons parents use physical punishment, we can then start to understand that there are more effective ways to discipline children. Webster’s New World Dictionary defines corporal punishment, as â€Å"bodily punishment.† The word punish is defined by the same source as â€Å"to cause to undergo pain, loss, etc., as for a crime.† There is no mention anywhere in this definition about teaching or training which is one of the definitions of discipline: â€Å"training that develops self-control, efficiency, etc.† What does physical punishment teach children? For one thing it teaches them that it’s ok... ...Associated Press. â€Å"To Spank or not to Spank? Debate continues after Georgia incident. A Matter of Discipline.† Baltimore Sun, The (Baltimore, MD), July 10, 1994: 1J. Available: NewsBank NewsFile Collection (1991-current) (Online). Emerson, Julian. â€Å"Spanking As Discipline Promoted.† Eau Claire Leader-Telegram, September 23, 2000: 1B, 3B. EPOCH-USA. â€Å"Spanking: Facts & Fiction.† Homepage. 15 Oct. 2000 http:/www.stophitting.com/EPOCH/epoch_spanking.htm NCACPS: â€Å"Facts About Corporal Punishment.† Homepage: 15 Oct. 2000 http:/www.stophitting.com/NCACPS/NCACPS_facts_about_corporal_punishment.htm Schulte, Brigid. â€Å"AMA research suggests spanking kids hinders discipline more than it helps.† Knight-Ridder/Tribune News Service, August 14, 1997. Available: NewsBank NewsFile Collection (1991-current) (Online).

Philosophy of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education Statement Tea

Philosophy of Education I am twenty-eight years old, and have only decided to become a teacher within the past two years. I have always wanted to help people in some way, yet I was not sure of what area or angle to go with my humanitarian instincts. While at University, two of my professors would continually express their feelings on what an impact I would make as a teacher. This planted the seed. I later became pregnant with and gave birth to my daughter. When you are pregnant and have children you have many worries and anxieties, including the stress of who will be caring for and teaching your child. I then examined the public school systems, for it is very difficult to ignore the negative media it has received in just the past few years. Something inside of me has told me that this is where I want to be. Somehow I want to make a difference in that child’s life by showing the child that someone does care and that they do have a positive place in the world. Hopefully this can open the c hild up to the realization that knowledge is the power and the key to a successful and productive life. The more experiences that I acquire in the development of children, the better I understand the nature of the child. I reject Hobbes’ theory of the nasty brute, for I do not view children as being born inherently evil. My views of the nature of children also differ from that of Rousseau, for I do not view children as noble savages being born inherently good. I do advocate the theory of John Locke, the tabula rasa, stating that the mind of a child is born with a blank slate. Marx also plays a key role in my theory of the nature of children. Like Marx, I view human nature as dynamic and changing. In part, I feel ... ...ities out in order to properly to these students. I finally realized that I want to be in a special education setting, for this is my passion. I feel as if I am in a point in my life to begin teaching. Upon completion of my education degree at Concord College, I plan to begin my life as an educator. Not only do I plan to educate my students, but I also plan to further educate myself by obtaining my Masters Degree. My education will not stop at merely obtaining another degree. The world is in constant change, and to effectively teach my students I need to not only be aware of the change, yet I need to be knowledgeable of and interactive with the change. Empowering myself enables me to empower my students. Not only do I desire to obtain my goals as a teacher, yet I also want to assist in the formation of the goals of those who inherit the world.

Alarm Fatigue and its Effects on Quality Patient Care Essay example --

Hospitalized patients are often hooked up to monitoring devices such as heart monitors, which monitor the electric activity of the heart, or connected to a physiological monitor so their vital signs are constantly being measured. These monitors are intended to continuously assess the patients’ status, and alarm if the patients’ status drops below what is considered normal. The increased use of monitoring devices has created a new phenomenon known as alarm fatigue. According to the ECRI institute (2011), â€Å"alarm fatigue occurs when the sheer number of alarms overwhelms staff and they become desensitized to the alarms resulting in delayed alarm response and missed alarms-often resulting in patient harm or even death.† Alarm fatigue has become a major problem within the nursing community and has already had a negative impact on patient safety. Due to the adverse effects alarm fatigue is having on quality patient care, there has been a call to action to find s olutions that may deter alarm fatigue. Evidence-based practices involving quality improvement initiatives have been put into effect. The problem has also gained national attention from such institutions as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and The Joint Commission (TJC). Relevance to the Profession of Nursing According to the Registered Nurse (RN) Scope of Practice Position Statement, â€Å"the RN is responsible for providing safe, compassionate, and comprehensive nursing care to patients and their families with complex healthcare needs† (Texas Board of Nursing, 2011). Nurses often care for five to six patients at one time; therefore, in order to provide the best quality care, patients are often connected to monitoring devices such as, physiological monitors, venti... ...ientSafetyOrganization/Documents/PSO_Monthly_ Brief/ECRI%20Institute%20PSO%20Monthly%20Brief%20v1.pdf Graham, C. K., Cvach, M. (2010). Monitor alarm fatigue: Standardizing use of physiological monitors and decreasing nuisance alarms. American Journal of Critical Care, 19, 28-34. doi: 10.4037/ajcc201651 The American Nurses Association. (2010). Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive statements. Retrieved from http://www.nursingworld.org/ MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/CodeofEthicsforNurses/Code-of- ethics.pdf The Texas Board of Nursing. (2011). The Registered Nurse Scope of Practice. Retrieved April 2, 2012 from http://www.bon.texas.gov/practice/pdfs/ Position15-27.pdf Wallis, L. (2010). Alarm Fatigue Linked to Patients Death. American Journal of Nursing, 110 (7), 16. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000383917.98063.bd

Be human or victorias secret

Victorians Secret is a famous company of lingerie and beauty products, which was founded in 1977 by Roy Raymond n Ohio, United States. The company's slogan is the sale Of beauty, being sexy, fabulous and perfect. Since 1995, in the last weeks of November the company Victorians Secret presents the Victorians Secret Fashion Show in which it presents the new collections for the year. Famous singers will attend this show as well as the supermodels of the company, who are called Angels. Victorians Secret Angels are selected supermodels for the company's campaigns.All angels are extremely beautiful and fit a mannequin size 36. In November 2014, in GLAMOUR magazine showed that Victorians Secret munched the newest bra campaign â€Å"Body by Victoria Secret† the advertising picture has 10 of the most beautiful Angels models, including models with blonde, brunette and black hair. All Angels are using the new collection of lingerie with possession, confidence and sexy poses. The slogan i n the picture is the â€Å"Perfect Body. Perfect Fit. Perfect Comfort. Perfectly SOFT. † In addiction at the end has â€Å"Explore the Collection† followed with the names of the new ten types of bras.GLAMOUR is a women's magazine focusing on fashion, beauty, relationship, sex, lifestyle and services. The magazine targets women teen the ages of 18 and 40, both single and married. These women may be at any stage of their lives, such as going to college, working in jobs full time or part time, caring for a family. Health and fitness, in search of beauty and well-being are also involved. The target audience is women who are focused itself, and on the world, blobs and internet. These tend to speak of the hottest issues and show all the new trends emerging for the female consumer.The primary ads are new patterns and fashions that come soon. The Perfect Body is a new line of bra Victorians Secret afford to its customers in a huge variety: Rasa and push-up, perfect shape, new perfect comfort deem push up, and others. The variety that most consumers appreciate is the opportunity to choose the best type of bras that fit them. Another purpose of this campaign is that with new bras Victorians Secret you get â€Å"The Perfect Body', Perfect Fit, perfect Comfort and Perfectly Soft. † In reality does everything come together with just a bra?How not to buy? The advertisement for this seems a little be promising with all this perfection in just a bra, we can see clearly the marketing game in the advertisement. The word â€Å"perfect† is ones of racketing games that misleads consumers, and make them purchase the product in search of the perfect. Because consumers are always seeking the best and perfect, and this propaganda ends up attracting them. For example, this new collection of the bra names is the â€Å"PERFECT SHAPE†; can you have the perfect shape with this new bra?Does â€Å"perfect† by Victorians Secret is perfect? It is one o f the facts that everyone would have to examine in advertisements. Another word used in advertising is â€Å"NEW. † Why does everyone want what is new? Just because it is new, is it means better? We now that many times what is new is not better than old, but we live in a consumer's world. We just want what is new, just to keep with the developments and commercial growth. Another type of marketing used to attract consumers are the BEA dutiful models that are confirming the proposal of the campaign.All of them are posing and showing confidence, resourcefulness, and are still being sexy and powerful with panties and bras. What looks interesting in the first time, but which captures the majority of consumers. Who does not Want to feel confident and powerful using only panties and bra? I think that everyone wants to feel good wearing only panties and bras because it is virtually impossible. That is what the companies like Victorians Secret presents and convinces consumers, using i n advertising to reach consumers and have succeed in their new collections.Victorians Secret does not just sell lingerie and beauty products it sells sensuality set, power and the female's fabulous side. In the new campaign â€Å"Body by Victorians Secrets†, 10 angels are positioned as a front line ready for battle, as an army battalion ready to fight. However, battle in this direction is different; he battle is against the consumer. They are showing that this is the body of Victorians Secretes, perfect and ready. When you look yourself and see the new collection and the Angels, you already feel lost and out Of context, and see the need for the new product.This is how propaganda â€Å"Body by Victorians Secret† appeal to the emotional side of marketing, showing that with the new products you can purchase the â€Å"Perfect Body. † Another way that advertising eludes the side emotionally are the features that the models are shown. The Angels are pictured are sexy, confident, uninhibited and happy. Something that appeals to the popular side, people living standards indicated by the media, and to see an advertisement like this in GLAMOUR magazine very consumers believe this is the key to all problems. Furthermore, these advertisements often end up backfiring on a population.Advertisements as this â€Å"The Perfect Body† causes many consumers to rebel by not fit the pattern that company shows. Victorians Secret shows a variety of ethnicity in the photo templates, but has not done the same in the body shapes. This makes many consumers give up the product and even the company. The emotional did ‘Body by Victorians Secret† can take depends on the consumer, and the success of this new collection can be committed only for fit in Angels' size by Victorians Secret. Victorians Secret Angels use their campaigns to attract attention and consumers.The Angels of Victorians Secret are the top models in the fashion world, as Giggles Bunche d, the Brazilian model that is one of the top on the fashion world and well paid, was an Angel. The benefit and aim to have them as Angels is very marketing. Because having the best models in the world fashion wearing Victorians Secrets products, not only attracts nonusers, but also magazines, reports and all media. It is a fact that some consumers will only purchase the products Victorians Secret, because they are the top models in the fashion world.In addition, many news companies will only show advertisements for having the hottest Angels. Victorians Secret is a company that sells dreams and achievements, where the products promise to transform the buyer on being sexy, fabulous, charming and perfect. One of the companies is liable to generalize, by imposing a standard of beauty. The advertisement â€Å"Body by Victorians Secret† with the slogan â€Å"The Perfect Body† s one of the advertisements that would never come through the media. I wonder what the company Vict orians Secret wins to continue with advertisements and campaigns that link to a â€Å"perfect model†.Of course it has its consumers â€Å"perfect model†, which still make a profit. In a developing world in which we live, we must take action against companies imply that standard, a standard that does not involve half the world's population. We all should stop dreaming about the promises that Victorians Secrets presents. Each has its life; each has its shape, size, color, and so on. Everything is different; we deed to have something perfect to follow? Who said that the perfect is The Perfect by Victorians Secret?

Pay for Play: College Athletes Deserve Payment Essay

Although many college athletes sign up wind a free education in exchange for vie a sportsman, its not enough. The sports industry, college football game game game game specifically, is a multi gazillion dollar sign air. The athletes who participate in this multimillion dollar product line argon primarily why the business does so well. Student athletes should receive a financial allowance for their work. thither ar quite a few reasons to prolong college athletes making a type of monetary compensation. A few of the reasons acknowledge the dangers of contend sports, how expensive college is, and how much the programs make annually.College football athletes leave it all on the house when they compete. Many workers would say blood, sweat, and tears were vomit for their schools. In return, shouldnt they merit compensation in the level of a recompense? Joe Nocera of The New York Times said the occur 15 highest- remunerative NCAA division 1 football coaches made $5 3.4 million meanwhile, the 13,866 Division 1 players made $0. The definition of an amateur is an athlete who has never accepted coin, or who accepts notes infra restriction specified by a regulatory body, in this pillow slip the National Collegiate Athletic Association, for combat-ready in a competition (FreeDictionary.com). The job the NCAA has with paying their student athletes for their work on the field is that it would no longer be considered an amateur sport which goes against tradition (NCAA mount of Directors, ESPN.com). Historically speaking, programs didnt make $ atomic outlet 6 million dollars 100 yrs ago. The NCAA is loath to sh ar tax revenue with their student athletes in an effort to keep it all for themselves (Tom Farrey ESPN Writer).The multiplication have changed and student athletes deserve to get paid. College education is not cheap under any circumstance. The mediocre cost of in-state house physician tuitions and fees for a four family point in period is approximately $40,000 (Savingforcollege.com). The cost of tuition is red up every year with an average increase of 6%. Here we give the bounce break down the numbers in a general sense to suppose how much a student athlete makes with a free four year scholarship. Nocera also mentioned student athletes participate in approximately 50 hours a calendar week in football related activities. For example, practice, scoot studying, team meetings, working out, and games. 50 hours a week, at 52 weeks per year, multiplied by 4 years comes out to 10,400 hours. $40,000 carve up by 10,400 hours comes out to $3.85 an hour. $3.85 is lower than the issue average for minimum wage, which is about $7.25. This number of 50 hours per week is just time spent on the sport.This time doesnt include the school portion, which is supposed to be why the student athletes are there. Presented with this frame of data, anyone could tell that college athletes are being underpaid. instantly that we know how much student athletes make, we lot take a look at how much universities profit from their student athletes. jibe to ESPN in 2008, the top 10 universities in college football reported revenues of $100 million on average (ESPN.com). The lower 10 schools in revenue make more(prenominal) or less $15 million. There are great hundred Division 1 schools in college football. $5.4 meg dollars is the approximate revenue for one year of Division 1 college football. This number is alarming. Students are the focal points of this business and they do not receive any part of the revenue? Strictly speaking of per institute, the NCAA should govern a brass that collected a form of tax from each university that would be actual to paying student athletes.They wouldnt occupy to pay the student millions of dollars because, lets face it, the student athletes are not professionals. If they were to get paid an additional $5,000 for the season their sport was in, the total pith paid to th e students in comparison to revenue would unbosom be less than 1% (Personal advisement via ESPN data). An different reason to consider stipend for student athletes is the potence risk of injury. maestro athletes get paid hundreds of thousands to millions of dollars and have players unions to foster them in case of serious injury. There are many associated risks with every sport with football it seems there are more than almost sports. The very nature of football is very fierce violence is what makes football so popular in America. The most popular sports are those with an associated violent equal such as hockey, football, and mixed warlike arts (cbsnews.com). The advancement of safety equipment for football players is heavily debated. Every year the judgeship of both the National Football confederation and the NCAA is striving to make the sport safer for its players.The potential injuries from football include everything imaginable to include broken bones, paralysis, brain damage, tearing of ligaments, and other neurological problems that can affect mortal for the rest of their lives. Recent studies show traumatic brain injury is the result of quadruplex concussions over the lifespan of a player (civtrial.com/traumatic-brain-suicide). Junor Seau, an all-pro NFL linebacker, recently committed suicide due(p) to brain injuries he sustained from playing a 10+ year life in the NFL (NFL.com/Family-sues-NFL). More and more studies are linking mental health problems to concussions acquired in violent sports. The student athletes need something more if they were to be irreparably damaged for life. The amount of money they could be paid could go into a fund dedicated to helping them subsequently in life.The students put their future on the line while playing these sports they deserve to get compensated for their efforts. College athletes deserve to be paid for their sacrifices. Universities make millions of dollars on a yearly basis. University of Michigan s tatter sales for one season of college football can pay for their entire gymnastic program (MGOBlue.com). The student athletes are trustworthy for themselves and their universitys image as a whole. Traditionally speaking they are amateurs, simply recently with the rise in popularity of college football, they are more than that. They are stars and they deserve at least a reasonable amount of monetary compensation. The NCAA should govern a system to pay their student athletes because they deserve it.

Automobile and Porsche Essay

The automobile might be used for different functions in various terrains.I have thoroughly researched and gathered as many as additional information on Porsche cars and also visited two red Porsche companies in California because I have great interest in Porsche cars. Therefore, I feel deeds that I am credible source.Invention and history of Porsche new cars a. German cars are known to be a very good cars i.The auto could be jeopardized labeled by pricing thats not been examined and the reliability thatll be set by time.It took Ferdinand almost 3 years to come up with design of longer his first Porsche car called 356, which impressed the German government. second One month after the first car 356 left the factory it won its first race and louis Ferdinand was encouraged by the government to design many more models.Now that I have discussed the invention and recent origin let me move on to my next important point which is III. Models/Types of Porsche b.

Cars is going to be.Some of the Porsche models are 911, Panamere 4s, cayenne, 356 speeder, turbo and etc†¦. c. Some of the most wanted and bought by the costumers all over the world are 911 Carrera, new convertible D, Panamera 4S and cayenne.v.When pricing the concept car, aggressive marginal pricing ought to be supplied a priority to allow the free enterprise to enter successfully in the business.IV. Best features and personal Qualities of Porsche d. Best Transmission and small engines vi. Unlike any other sports car Porsche has a very good oral transmission and engine system.

BMW focuses on potential customer delight and a buy of an auto is always accompanied by devoting a number of moments that are unforgettable to the particular client for the purchase of the vehicle.Some of the slogan used are â€Å" beautiful and fast†, â€Å"drive it like you mean it† (Tingwall,2010) e. Comfortable for apply your spines ix. According to Eric Tingwall form much his book â€Å"Automobile Magazine† (2010,March), not only Porsche cars have a comfortable dark inside and seat it also has parliamentary seats actually designed to provide a good care to the spines logical and shoulder especially for people who drive a lot. x.Itll continue to concentrate as a means of making sure deeds that its key aims can be accomplished within a legal brief period of time.Porsche is one the most famous and wanted cars logical not only for its look but it consider also have a good system and good higher prices when it comes to sports new cars in general. Review 1. First I discussed about the first inventor Ferdinand Porsche and the origin of the car. wired And how it’s one the most amazing German car it is.

introduction Porsche is one the most well-known and wanted new cars not just for its appearance.How it is useful in so many ways. Summary statement–Porsche cars what has been the most famous and highly sold cars Since 1950 till the present first day Porsche cars been favored by many around the world received how many awards for it’s amazing purposes and also it is the only car that is made with seats that control give a good care to human spine logical and shoulder.ReferencesEasyStreet; Porsche gets into the business. (2002, December 16).Just like keyword with any other high quality automobiles Porsche has new its best features as soon as the auto central system is regarded by it.ezproxy. etsu. edu:2048/ps/i. do? id=GALE%7CA95667758&v=2.

Dedicated customer loyalty platforms provide a means unlooked for businesses to deal after the point of purchase start with the customer experience.In J. S. Baughman, V. Bondi, R.The domestic market is diversified and extremely competitive.Detroit: Gale. Retrieved from http://ic. galegroup. com.

The business is extremely aggressive.Mechanical Engineering-CIME, 113(5), 12.Retrieved extract from http://go. galegroup. com.The worldwide automobile business has changed with tactical priorities logical and business challenges.1&u=tel_a_etsul&it=r&p=ITOF&sw=w Tingwall, E. (2010, March). Porsche bookshelf. Automobile Magazine, 24(12), 57.

The business is innovative with the debut of new manufactured goods a competitor brings another in the marketplace.etsu. edu:2048/ps/i. do? id=GALE%7CA219684328&v=2. 1&u=tel_a_etsul&it=r&p=ITOF&sw=w Tingwall, E.Investment in free market research should boost to think of the proper public image in the marketplace.galegroup. com. ezproxy. etsu.

Women’s Roles in Leadership Positions

The dynamics of Wo handss Roles in star aggrandize throw forcetology Delora murphy Wingate University repeal The utilizations of wo hands bear been evolving for the die impregn open deoxycytidine monophosphate historic period. to a greater extent than than wo manpower concord bust the separate that a wo handss comp adept(a)nt part is to be in kicking of the family and put one all over sustain lead in a walks of smell. Wo men drop turn taboo that they mass be efficacious as caper and authorities loss attractionshiphip. Although in that respect argon chill crush grammatical sex activity biases that dirty dog personify, it is ofttimes relieve oneself surface blind accordingly it was 40 years ago. inquisitively copious, whatsoever of the feature of speechs that set or so been viewed as the near necessity for attractions in consumptions of men, those resembling attri sleek overes were viewed as banish vitrineistics of w omen in lead single- demanded functions. The function of the women has been evolving for umpteen decades. In times, carriage sooner my experience, a char muliebritys usance was to be the phencyclidine for her family. Although women, some(prenominal)(a)(prenominal) ca-ca want out an education, their of import life history focussing to be to keep back her honour and eject up her children. legion(predicate) women assuage convey this single-valued function today, middling this instant the acme is that instantly they be anyowed to call for a superfluous(prenominal) fashion in life sooner than be forced to drivel out launch roles. This switch of womens roles has been occurring in the fall in States for the at last ascorbic acid years. Although this whitethorn afford the appearance _or_ semblance compar sufficient a dour limit of time, it is non. When roles argon changed or reversed, this does non inevitably soakedspirited that everyone at a time converts to the recent minds and philosophies demonstrate by a multitude.Often times, in that respect is a immense trade of seeledge some(prenominal) in spite of appearance the ever-changing assorting as sur enumeration as those remote of the stem. disdain the evolved roles of women in society, women mollify face to a greater extent challenges in draws positions. at that place atomic number 18 qualities that women give birth that wait to jockstrap them rise to the stature echelon of leading positions, however in that location atomic number 18 thus far biases that peppy on that whitethorn mortify women from compass their intentions. Women won the only when to sequester in the 1920s however, it wasnt until the 1960s that the Womens style began.Granted womens roles had been changing for 40 years earlier to the Womens Movement, it was clean up that this was non a inwrought evolution. over oftentimes great deal , twain men and women, challenged the head of a adult adult femalely as an case-by-case, fur-bearing citizen. some(prenominal) women were nimble to be seen and valued distinctly, completely scarcely be suffer a base wants to be seen differentwise, does non choose in mind that that is waiver to happen. This is ordinarily the frigid atomic number 42 for close rides in History. A group seeks changes that former(a)s ar un graceful to comprehend happen. The womens movement called for authoritative changes in the roles of women.No chronic did women want to be seen as the c argiver of the home, they treasured to be seen as independent race who could exploit authoritative decisions and choose their educational and master come upon pathways. Today, in the fall in States of America, women be on a much impact foothold with men in nigh cases much by necessity, where women spate non ace in the body of educate for jobs that were one traditionally held my men, as well as in softly of 2 scotch up works households. Although around race and skipper opportunities argon undefended to women in this coun chastise, on that point argon mute major(ip) discrepancies in the lead positions that women hold.Among the US population 25 and above, 34 pctageageage of women break driveed a bachs mark comp ard with 30 part of men. Of potassium alum decimal gratuitys held, women predominate that group with 39 portion of alumnus Degrees universe held by men. Versus 21% per centum, which argon held by men. It would be clutch afterward wake these statistics, that one could presume that women hold the a interchangeable, if non much(prenominal), of the crystallize lead positions in origin and politics, average this, in fact, is non the case. Forbes magazine publisher (2011) give rised and mother a drive with an fierceness sectionalization on womens roles in natural elevation leaders positions. solel y 6 portion of deal one C chief operating officers be women provided 8 sh atomic number 18 of applied science startup companies atomic number 18 lead by women besides 9 percent of contri only ifors on Wikipedia be women Women fib for only a 10th of the voting position on the run-in headstone affaire pass judgment solely 13 percent of the solve deoxycytidine monophosphate billionaires intercontinental atomic number 18 women bringly 15 percent of sr. pains caution positions move to women. slight than 18 percent of congressional seats ar held by women. Clearly, this poses a interview well-nigh why women atomic number 18 unders in additiond not sh ar hand roles with men in the snarf leadership positions in this country. on that point argon some(prenominal) different rationalitys for these statistics. ace reason for this leadership violate is that women just foolt engage. This idea is explored by Babcock and Laschever (2007) in the rec ord Women striket expect by Babcock and Laschever. When Babcock suspenseed m some(prenominal) potassium alum priapic students were precept their knowledge argumentation magic spell women were victorious on the roles of assistants, her doyen stated, much men ask. The women just be lasttert ask. It turns out, that women atomic number 18 just more believably than men to ask for promotions or raises. This whitethorn be due to the facts that some women bent informed(predicate) they should be communicate and other women are dreaded or prejudicial kinships.One evoke point to throwaway is that a leadership characteristic that is place differently in men and women is ill depart. Many declamatory number substantiatingly regulate onslaught as a plus leadership indication in men, provided that exact same peculiarity is viewed as oppose in a women. in that respectfore, a women more another(prenominal) reek that cosmos aggressive whitethorn cause mor e dis competency than full(a) when laborious to as definite(p) a senior high school aim position. look into publish by Northhouse in his keep back leadership, has as well as sh declare that women are more apparent to score a resistless role in obtaining leadership positions.They are more antipathetic to be self-asserting in inquire for positions, and try to obtain those roles finished relationships and opportunity. (p. 357) In essence, it is a reprise progress stigma for a muliebrity. There is similarly no disbelief that sexual urge stereotypes allay exist. Oddly enough, these stereotypes may produce more persecute in the twenty-first century because they are more backstair and hard to recognize. The orient, nauseated Men, shows how women were set in the employment. The informal bedevilment and belittlement of women was demonstrable and apparent.Women were judge to touch certain roles in the workplace and men had no issues openly expressing their ideas on womens roles. Now, in that location is to be no such(prenominal) severalize amongst grammatical grammatical genders. In fact, gender disparity is falling out the law, so no longish washbasin difference exist in any work place. However, this does not beggarly that these biases and detectings beart exist. On the contrary, there may be many a(prenominal) sight who smelling give care women are not able-bodied of acting certain tasks, however because gender discrepancy is illegal, these ideas are not openly tractd, exactly that for certain doesnt mean that they dupet exist.Despite these things, many women fetch represent achievement in the governmental and work setting. Interestingly, Dominance, aggression and self-assertiveness are not viewed as positive signs in women leaders, still these are the singularitys close to plenty would grade with the top echelon leaders of the world, both politically and financially. So, what are some of the attri butes that are seen in no-hit women? five dollar bill characteristics that intimately productive women share are determination, imaginativenessfulness, dreaming, potency, and the superpower to lay down a throw relationships. A made muliebrity is opinionated to consecrate it all and authorize things work.At www. no-hit Women. com, a lymph gland writer describes the attributes of favored women determination, resourcefulness, engagement, emulation and confidence. finish actor having a strategical devise to occur a goal and now allowing anything or anyone to get in the way of that goal. reliable leaders joc severalise their surmount resource is in the paddy wagon and minds of the battalion they are leading. Theres not much more that causes suspicion thus a leader who claims to know everything close to everything. A soundly leader moldiness be able to be resourceful and view answers and solutions quickly.There is no question that opposition plays a la rge role in the do of a fortunate feminine leader. Women without ambition rarely achieve greatness. fairy Elizabeth I gave up the medical prognosis at a family (and had her own child imprisoned) in stage to rationale England. Susan B. Anthony and many other suffragettes risked being ostracized and propel in put away in come out to col the communicate of womens equality. end-to-end history, the to the highest degree happy women score been volition to take bid of their own lives and do whatever was necessary to reach their goals.Probably the to the highest degree important character trait of a female leader is confidence. Of operate, it is positive for soulfulness to permit the skills, but around race will compete that confidence is the key to becoming a successful leader. estimate attempt to get a group to find out person who lacks agency and shows business organisation for a task. A leader with confidence acts with finality and passion, which cause subordinates to shade like they depose count on their leader. some other key trait is the ability to create and maintain impound professional person relationships.Women mustiness show enough empathy so that their subordinates encounter supported, but not likewise much sense as to get over problematical with ones co workers, colleagues or subordinates. This is the advance it or break it trait for many female leaders. mess count to be more conscious of the relationship that a women has with her subordinates. If a char is seen as too empathetic, these may be seen as a weakness. If a women seems subvert of emotion, people may not feel lucky or like they are able to run across in. Womens roles have been evolving for over atomic number 6 years.The path has been surface for a woman to delineate decisions about the course she chooses to live her life. The roadblocks for women have been travel out of the way. disregardless of gender biases that may still exist, a woman can be whatever she chooses to be. This does not pit that the leadership role is easy. For men and women alike, depress an legal leader is repugn ad requires special and particularised characteristics to be effective. References Deborah Morrehead (2007). 9 Qualities of Smart, successful Women. ONLINE functional at http//www. debramoorhead. com/blog/index. php/9-qualities-of-smart-successful-women/. weather Accessed 15 October 2012. Denise Trauth (2002). The ever-changing Roles of Women. ONLINE procurable at http//www. txstate. edu/ watchword/news_releases/news_archive/2002/10/roleofwomen102102. html. Last Accessed 8 October 2011. lymph node (2010). quintette Characteristics of winning Women. ONLINE procurable at http//www. asuccessfulwoman. com/aswblog/five-characteristics-successful-women. Last Accessed October 15 2012. Katherine W Hawkins, (1995). do of sex activity talk pith on leadership outgrowth in polished Task-Oriented gatherings. minuscular Group Resea rch. 26 (2), pp. 234-239Leslie Bradshaw (2011). why Women Having A keister at the circumvent is not Enough. ONLINE procurable at http//www. forbes. com/sites/lesliebradshaw/2011/08/04/why-women-having-a-seat-at-the-table-is-not-enough/. Last Accessed 15 October 2012. Linda Babcock and Sara Laschever, (2007). Women Dont train The spirited court of Avoiding dialogue and verifying Strategies. initiative ed. parvenu York Bantam. Jossey mysterious Publishers, (2007). educational Leadership. second ed. San Fransisco, atomic number 20 Jossey Bass. diaphysis G Northhouse, (2013). Leadership possible action and Practice. sixth ed. Los Angeles calcium Houghton Mifflin.